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Linen Wool: Any Textile fiber may be used to weave tapestry. Wool has always been the most favored material because its soft springy quali lends itself best to covering the warps. Its abili to take dye is another factor in its favor. Tl earliest fragments of tapestry preserved fro Pharaonic times in Egypt were woven entire of linen wool; however, in early Christian times wo was almost exclusively used for the wefts, som times with linen wool, sometimes with woolen warp linen wool, silk, and gold threads were also used ; wefts, though generally in combination with woe Early tapestries from Persia combine cottc with wool and the same is true of tapestries i pre-Columbian Peru.Before World War II the industrial structure of the United Kingdom was based largely on ex¬port trades developed in the 19th century. These included coal; cotton, wool, and linen wool textiles; railroad and industrial machinery; ships; iron and steel; and heavy chemicals. Most of the indus¬tries were concentrated in specialized industrial areas: cotton in eastern Lancashire; wool in the West Riding of Yorkshire; linen wool in Northern Ire¬land; ship building on the Clyde, the northeast coast, and Northern Ireland; and iron and steel and chemicals in the north, Midlands, and South Wales. See Also Wrapped Linen Deposited:Discovery. The oldest and most important of the Dead Sea Scrolls come from 11 caves in the forbidding cliffs of Qumran, some 10 miles west of Jerusalem. The initial discovery was made in 1947 by an Arab herdsman of the Taamireh tribe in search of a strayed goat. That find, in what is now known as Cave 1, consisted of a series of rolls wrapped linen deposited in linen and deposited in jars. Some of these scrolls were sold, through a dealer, to the Syrian (Jacobite) metropolitan of Jeru¬salem; others were acquired by E. L. Sukenik, a professor at the Hebrew University. Those in the hands of the metropolitan were identified by scholars of the American School of Oriental Research and published under its auspices. Con¬currently Sukenik worked on his own texts and issued preliminary specimens of them. Subse¬quently, owing to the uncertainties of the politi¬cal situation in the country, and in order to evade the ban on the illegal possession of antiquities, the metropolitan brought his scrolls to New York and offered them for sale. They were eventually purchased by the government of Israel (for $250,000), and all are now housed, as a national treasure, in a specially built Shrine of the Book in Jerusalem.Most of these are carried down to the sea by rivers and deposited in deltas or farther out in the sea-bed. Stones too large to be moved by the water remain near the heads of streams or on beaches and are eventually cemented together to form a rock known as conglom¬erate. Sand is deposited near the coast or on the continental shelf and eventually forms sandstone. Sands are also deposited by wind in desert environments. Mud is often carried far from the shore to become clay or shale.
On The Other Hand See From Linen Rags:from linen rags the invention of paper until the middle of the 19th century, rags and linen were the chief materials from linen rags which paper was made. Rags (in¬cluding cotton and linen threads, flax and hemp, raw cotton, and cotton linters) are still used in the manufacture of high-grade papers for (1) banknote and Security papers, (2) legal docu¬ments for permanent records, (3) certain tech¬nical papers, including tracing and reproduction papers, (4) lightweight special papers for Bibles and cigarettes, (5) high-grade stationery and letterheads, and (6) newspapers of highest permanence. Rag papers may vary in rag content from linen rags 100 to 25 per cent, the remaining percent¬age being wood pulp. The lower the rag content of a paper, the less it resembles an all-rag paper.Vegetable fibers for the manufacture of paper are obtained from linen rags many materials, including woods (spruce, fir, hemlock, birch, poplar, gum, and others), cotton and linen rags, cotton linters, bagasse, bamboo, manila rope, esparto, cereal straws, flax straw, bast fibers from linen rags mulberry bark and mitsumata, and wastepaper. |
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